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IDEOLOGICAL CONTESTATION ON YOUTUBE BETWEEN SALAFI AND NAHDHATUL ‘ULAMA IN INDONESIA
Abstract
Abstract: This research spotlights YouTube’s utilization as a platform for intriguing Muslims and proselytizing Salafi and Nahdhatul 'Ulama's (NU) doctrines in the context of ideological contestation in Indonesia. This aim was motivated by the struggle for religious authority between NU and Salafis that has occurred in Indonesia since the beginning of the emergence of Salafis in the 1970s. The doctrine of Puritanism brought by Salafis is the key to the ideological battle with NU, which has the opposite doctrine. Thus, the contestation spread to the fight for the masses. One medium used as an object for spreading doctrine is YouTube. This use of YouTube is encouraged by their awareness that YouTube is an effective platform for proselytizing and arguing with each other. Therefore, this research explores the ideological contestation of the two groups from the aspect of the doctrine they spread and the ways they attract the masses by analyzing lecture videos from YouTube channels affiliated with each group. Based on the content and video quantity, this research argues that the massive method of being charged with Salafis is slowly becoming a strong challenge for the existence of NU. The method used is a theory by Heidi A. Campbell regarding online authority.
Keywords: Ideological Contestation, Nahdhatul ‘Ulama, Religious Authority, Salafi, YouTube.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini menyoroti penggunaan YouTube sebagai platform untuk membangkitkan minat umat Islam dan menyebarkan doktrin Salafi dan Nahdhatul 'Ulama (NU) dalam konteks kontestasi ideologi di Indonesia. Tujuan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perebutan otoritas keagamaan antara NU dan Salafi yang terjadi di Indonesia sejak awal kemunculan Salafi pada tahun 1970-an. Doktrin puritanisme yang dibawa oleh Salafi menjadi kunci pertarungan ideologis dengan NU yang memiliki doktrin sebaliknya. Dengan demikian, kontestasi menyebar dalam konteks perebutan massa. Salah satu media yang digunakan sebagai sarana penyebaran doktrin adalah YouTube. Penggunaan YouTube ini didorong oleh kesadaran mereka bahwa YouTube adalah platform yang efektif untuk berdakwah dan saling berdebat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi kontestasi ideologi kedua kelompok tersebut dari aspek doktrin yang mereka sebarkan dan bagaimana menarik massa dengan menganalisis video ceramah dari video YouTube yang berafiliasi dengan masing-masing kelompok. Berdasarkan kuantitas konten dan video, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa metode masif yang digunakan oleh Salafi perlahan menjadi tantangan kuat bagi eksistensi NU. Metode yang digunakan adalah teori Heidi A. Campbell mengenai otoritas online.
Kata Kunci: Kontestasi Ideologi, Nahdhatul ‘Ulama, Otoritas Keagamaan, Salafi, YouTubeFull Text:
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/jcims.v7i1.15244
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