TRANSFORMASI KONSEP WAHDAT AL-WUJUD IBN ARABI DALAM TASAWUF KONTEMPORER INDONESIA

Abstract

This study analyzes the transformation of Ibn Arabi’s concept of wahdat al-wujud (the unity of being) within the context of contemporary Indonesian Sufism, particularly in response to the challenges of religious pluralism. Employing a qualitative approach and case study method, the research explores how the metaphysical doctrine developed by Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi (1165–1240 CE) has been adapted by modern Indonesian Sufi figures to address the complexities of religious life in the modern era. Data were collected through textual analysis, in-depth interviews with leaders of Sufi orders, and observation of spiritual practices in various pesantren and zawiyah. The findings reveal that wahdat al-wujud has undergone significant reinterpretation, with a particular emphasis on values of tolerance, inclusivity, and interreligious coexistence, while still upholding core Islamic theological principles. This transformation reflects Sufism’s capacity to respond to local socio-cultural changes while preserving its spiritual depth. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the flexibility of classical Sufi teachings in modern contexts and offers a fresh perspective on the role of Sufism in fostering religious harmony and tolerance within Indonesia’s pluralistic society.