The Dynamics of Ma'na and Maghza Q.S. Al-Ma'idah: 51: A Critical Reading of Sahiron Syamsuddin's Interpretation in the Hermeneutic Framework of Hans-Georg Gadamer
Abstract
Q.S. al-Mā'idah: 51 has become one of the most contested verses in Indonesian debates about non-Muslim leadership, particularly since 2016. Sahiron Syamsuddin interprets it through the ma'nā-cum-maghzā approach, which reconstructs the historical meaning (ma'nā) of a text and then develops its significance (maghzā) for the present. This article critically reads that interpretation through Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutics, focusing on prejudice (Vorurteil), application (Anwendung), effective history (Wirkungsgeschichte), and the fusion of horizons (Horizontverschmelzung). The study is qualitative library research with a philosophical-hermeneutic approach, drawing on Syamsuddin's (2018) article on Q. 5:51 and Gadamer's Truth and Method as primary sources. The findings show that the two frameworks converge in recognizing the historicity of text and interpreter and the role of the interpreter's subjectivity, but diverge in three respects. First, ma'nā is treated as a relatively objective foundation, even though an anti-politicization motive already guides the selection of data, the meaning of awliyā', and the scope of the particle al- at the reconstruction stage. Second, maghzā is positioned as a subsequent stage rather than an application integrated with understanding, so the formulation of maqṣad lacks a testable procedure. Third, the exegetical tradition and the political history of the verse's use serve as supporting material rather than as dialogue partners. The article recommends strengthening ma'nā-cum-maghzā by acknowledging and testing prejudice from the outset, making the transition from ma'nā to maqṣad procedural, and developing validity criteria compatible with Gadamerian hermeneutics.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.51900/ias.v8i2.32701
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