Gender Justice in Religious Court Rulings: A Study of Women as The Main Breadwinners
Abstract
Social and economic transformations are prompting an increasing number of women to assume the position of primary earners within the household. Despite its integration into contemporary social realities, this phenomena presents legal issues within the framework of Islamic family law and religious court traditions, particularly regarding the delineation of duties, rights, and obligations within the household. This study seeks to examine the legal implications of Religious Courts about women as the economic foundation of the family, and to assess the degree to which the principle of gender justice is implemented in matters of maintenance, divorce, and child custody. The employed methodology is qualitative, utilising a juridical-empirical approach, involving an analysis of pertinent Religious Court rulings and interviews with judges and individuals possessing firsthand experience with the matter. The research findings indicate a lack of consistency in the implementation of gender justice principles, wherein women's economic contributions frequently lack commensurate recognition and legal protection, particularly regarding post-divorce maintenance and the allocation of caregiving responsibilities. These findings necessitate a rethinking of Islamic legal principles that is more responsive to contemporary social realities, including reforms in religious court policies that are more inclusive and gender-sensitive to secure substantive justice for women as major breadwinners.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Amini, S., Tarigan, A. A., & Syahriza, R. (2024). Homo Islamicus as an agent of socio- of Surah An-Nisa economic change : A study in the perspective. 10(2), 873–892.
Anita Rahmawaty. (2015). Harmoni dalam Keluarga PeremPuan Karir: upaya mewujudkan Kesetaraan dan Keadilan gender dalam Keluarga. PALASTREN, Vol. 8, No. 1, Juni 2015, 8(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.28918/muwazah.v9i2.1126
Askin, M., & Masidin. (2023). Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif (Analisis Putusan Hakim). Jakarta: kencana.
Chamallas, M. (1998). Introduction to Feminist Legal Theory. Retrieved from https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142639327
Dina, S. A., & Dewaranu, T. (2022). Reformasi Regulasi untuk Peningkatkan Partisipasi Pengusaha Mikro Perempuan dalam E-Commerce. Center for Indonesian Policy Studies, (48).
Fajar Fadillah, F., & Masrun, M. (2020). Kadar Nafkah Keluarga menurut Ibn Qudamah (Analisis Terhadap Kitab al-Mughniy). Al-Fikra : Jurnal Ilmiah Keislaman, 19(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.24014/af.v19i1.7096
Firdaus, Saputra, R., Susanti, P., Desminar, & Nurazizah. (2020). Perempuan Bekerja dalam Pemenuhan Nafkah Keluarga. JURNAL KAJIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN UMAT, 3(2), 12–25.
Haqan, A. (2018). REKONSTRUKSI MAQASID AL-SYARI’YAH JASSER AUDA. JPIK, 1(1), 135–152.
Husni, F. (2019). Nafkah Wajib Menurut Pemikiran Yusuf Al-Qardhawi dalam Perspektif Maqasid Asy-Syariah. Hukum Islam, 19(1), 44–62. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=id&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=nafkah+wajib+menurut+yusuf+qardhawi&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DSGHSqj78rXAJ
Islamy, A. (2021). Landasan Filosofis dan Corak Pendekatan Abdurrahman Wahid Tentang Implementasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Politik Islam, 6(1), 51–73. https://doi.org/10.35673/ajmpi.v6i1.1245
Ismanto, B., Wijaya, M. rudi, & Ritonga, A. H. (2018). Istri Sebagai Pencari Nafkah Utama Dan Dampaknya Dalam Keluarga Perspektif Hukum Islam. Fitrah: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 4(2), 397–416.
Iswandi, A. (2021). Reorientasi Hukum Keluarga Islam Perspektif Para Guru Besar UIN di Indonesia. Qonuni: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pengkajian Islam, 1(01), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.59833/qonuni.v1i01.180
Jurczyk, K., Jentsch, B., Sailer, J., & Schier, M. (2019). Female-Breadwinner Families in Germany: New Gender Roles? Journal of Family Issues, 40(13), 1731–1754. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X19843149
Mahfudin, T. (2017). Jurnal Hukum Progresif: Jurnal Hukum Progresif, XI(2), 1928–1940.
Marpaung, W., Adly, M. A., Rustam, R., Syahputra, A., Siregar, P. A., Hutagalung, S. A., … Tanjung, D. (2022). Worshippers smoking in mosques: Violation of fatwas of ulemas and governor regulation. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 78(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i1.7975
Meisenbach, R. J. (2010). The Female Breadwinner: Phenomenological Experience and Gendered Identity in Work/Family Spaces. Sex Roles, 62(1), 2–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-009-9714-5
Misrah, Nurcahaya, Ismail, & Hutagalung, S. A. (2024). From Classroom to Ideological Space: The Formation of Radicalism in the Academic Environment. 23(3).
Nurfadila, & Yesi. (2022). POTRET PEREMPUAN PENCARI NAFKAH UTAMA KELUARGA. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 9(4), 1483–1490.
Pokhrel, S. (2024). No TitleΕΛΕΝΗ. Αγαη, 15(1), 37–48.
Rambe, K. M. (2021). Pemahaman Baru Ashgar Ali Engineer Tentang Hak-Hak Perempuan Dan Relevansinya Terhadap Perkembangan Islam Modern. Journal of Gender and Social Inclusion in Muslim Societies, 2(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.30829/jgsims.v2i1.9644
Rohmatul Inayah, Z., & Agus Fauzi, M. (2024). Pembebasan Seksualitas dan Gender dalam Film The Danish Girl Studi Analisis Teori Performativitas Judith Butler. Paradigma, 13(1), 131–140.
Sayyid As Sabiq. (2003). Fiqhu As-Sunnah. Kairo: Dar al Fath li al-Alam.
Sundari, P. (2023). Psikologi Keluarga Dalam Konteks Orang Tua Tunggal (Single Parent). Khazanah Multidisiplin, 4(1), 109–128. Retrieved from https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/kl
Tarigan, A. A., Nasution, M. S. A., Hutagalung, S. A., & Arrazy, S. (2023). Ensuring Equity in Post-Divorce Economic Rights: A Critical Analysis of Judicial Sensitivity in the Religious Court of Padang Sidimpuan, Indonesia. AL-HUKAMA: The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law, 13(2), 180–201. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=Wu50kBkAAAAJ&pagesize=100&citation_for_view=Wu50kBkAAAAJ:0CzhzZyukY4C
Vieto, A., Tinenti, T., Likadja, J. A. C., & Manuain, O. G. (2025). Rekonstruksi Sistem Pemasyarakatan Perempuan di Indonesia dalam Analisis Legal Feminist Theory. 4(9), 2998–3009. https://doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v4i9.2806
Wadud, A. (1999). Qur`an and Woman. New York: Oxford University Press.
Yassir, M., Muthalib, A., & Husaini, A. (2025). Analisis Ex Officio dan Perlindungan Hukum di Pengadilan Agama (Studi Putusan PA Jember Nomor 1323/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Jr). Jurnal Al-Fawa’id : Jurnal Agama Dan Bahasa, 15(1), 210–227.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.58836/jpma.v16i1.24193
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
Jurnal Penelitian Medan Agama
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.