TARKIB IDHAFI DALAM KITAB ADDARDIR ALA QISHATUL MI’RAJ KARYA SYEKH NAJMUDDIN AL-GHAITI

Abstract

This study aims to identify the types and functions of tarkīb iḍāfī constructions in Kitāb ad-Dardīr ʿalā Qiṣṣat al-Miʿrāj by Shaykh Najmuddīn al-Ghāiṭī, based on the grammatical theory of Imam Ibn Mālik. The research is motivated by the complexity of iḍāfah structures in classical Arabic texts, which often carry deep grammatical and semantic meanings. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach through a library-based study. The data consist of 132 iḍāfah phrases collected directly from the text. The analysis was conducted through three stages: identifying iḍāfah forms, classifying their types and functions, and interpreting their meanings based on the theories of Ibn Mālik and Sharḥ Ibn ʿAqīl. The findings reveal two types of iḍāfah: idhāfah maʿnawiyyah (semantic genitive) and idhāfah lafẓiyyah (phonetic genitive). Of the total data, 116 phrases are categorized as idhāfah maʿnawiyyah, and 16 phrases as idhāfah lafẓiyyah. In terms of function, 72 iḍāfah constructions serve the function of taʿrīf (definition), 43 serve takhṣīṣ (specification), and 17 serve takhfīf (phonetic lightening). These findings indicate that the iḍāfah constructions in this text are primarily used to clarify and define meaning semantically (maʿnawiyyah) rather than phonetically (lafẓiyyah). This study contributes to the understanding of Arabic syntactic structures and enriches the study of classical Arabic grammar in academic contexts.