PERAN LINGKUNGAN INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL SEKOLAH DALAM KEBERHASILAN IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN
Abstract
This study analyzes the role of internal and external school environments in determining the success of education policy implementation. Education policies, although well formulated, often face challenges during implementation due to variations in school capacity, organizational culture, and socio-political contexts. Using a qualitative library research method, this study examines various scholarly sources, journals, books, and academic documents that discuss policy implementation and environmental factors influencing schools. The results show that internal factors including communication, availability of resources, implementers’ disposition, bureaucratic structure, and school culture serve as the foundational elements that shape schools’ readiness and ability to implement policies effectively. Meanwhile, external factors such as regulatory support, political stability, socioeconomic conditions, and parental or community participation significantly influence the success of implementation by providing contextual support beyond the school. The study also highlights that the interaction between internal and external environments forms a holistic system in which imbalance in either dimension may hinder policy outcomes. The conclusion emphasizes that alignment between internal capacity and external support is essential for ensuring that education policies are executed optimally and achieve their intended goals.
Keywords:
internal environment, external environment, policy implementation, school management, education policy
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Allejar, M. (2017). Pengaruh Implementasi Kebijakan Standar Proses Pendidikan Terhadap Manajemen Kurikulum Untuk Mewujudkan Efektivitas Pembelajaran. Khazanah Akademia, Vol 1, No 01 (2017): Khazanah Akademia.
Anderson, T., & Dron, J. (2011). Three Generations Of Distance Education Pedagogy. International Review Of Research In Open And Distance Learning, 12(3). Https://Doi.Org/10.19173/Irrodl.V12i3.890
Fathin, D. A., Sumaryana, A., & Candradewini, C. (2023). Peran Klien Dan Koalisi Dalam Implementasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Inklusif Di Kabupaten Bogor. Jane - Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 14(2). Https://Doi.Org/10.24198/Jane.V14i2.45135
Fauzi, F. (2019). Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (Mbs). Tarbawi, 8(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.36781/Tarbawi.V8i1.3052
Husnah, A., Harapan, E., & Rohana, R. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Komitmen Guru Dalam Melaksanakan Tugas. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi, Manajemen Dan Kepemimpinan Pendidikan, 3(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.21831/Jump.V3i1.38599
Kosim, M., Muqoddam, F., Mubarok, F., & Laila, N. Q. (2023). The Dynamics Of Islamic Education Policies In Indonesia. Cogent Education, 10(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/2331186x.2023.2172930
Maryamah, E., Jurusan, M., Pendiidkan, M., Ftk, I., & Smh Banten, I. (2016). Pengembangan Budaya Sekolah. Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(02).
Miles, M. B., Hubberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 1).
Moleong, L. J. (2021). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif.
Muhtadi, M. A., Murthada, M., & Bunyamin, I. A. (2023). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Guru Dan Kebijakan Sekolah Terhadap Peningkatan Efektivitas Manajemen Pendidikan Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Pendidikan West Science, 1(11). Https://Doi.Org/10.58812/Jpdws.V1i11.799
Muthanna, A., & Sang, G. (2023). A Conceptual Model Of The Factors Affecting Education Policy Implementation. Education Sciences, 13(3). Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Educsci13030260
Nurhasnah, N., Kustati, M., Sepriyanti, N., Tiffani, T., Pratiwi, S. H., & Sarbaini, S. (2024). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Pendidikan Islam. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2). Https://Doi.Org/10.54371/Jiip.V7i2.3430
Prasetiyo, J. (2022). Pengaruh Implementasi Kebijakan Manajemen Sekolah Dan Konsep Diri Guru Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Pendidikan Pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta Di Kecamatan Pasar Kebo Jakarta Timur. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(3). Https://Doi.Org/10.54371/Jiip.V5i3.526
Pülzl, H., & Treib, O. (2017). Implementing Public Policy. In Handbook Of Public Policy Analysis: Theory, Politics, And Methods. Https://Doi.Org/10.4324/9781315093192-14
Rambung, O., Sion, Bungamawelona, Puang, Y., & Salenda, S. (2023). Transformasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Melalui Implementasi. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan , 1(3).
Saharudin, & Lubna. (2023). Pengertian, Ruang Lingkup, Dan Proses Kebijakan Pendidikan. Journal On Education, 05(02).
Salfita, R. (2018). Pengaruh Implementasi Kebijakan Kurikulum Terhadap Kinerja Guru Dalam Mewujudkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Khazanah Akademia.
Setijaningrum Erna. (2017). Inovasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Publik. In Medika Aksara Globalindo.
Sumarni, S. (2017). School Culture And School Performance. Edukasi: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Agama Dan Keagamaan, 7(3). Https://Doi.Org/10.32729/Edukasi.V7i3.122
Suryadi, B., Rahmawati, Y., Hayat, B., & Suprananto, S. (2019). Indonesia National Curriculum Reform In The Context Of Standard-Based Education: Policy And Implementation. Tarbiya: Journal Of Education In Muslim Society, 6(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.15408/Tjems.V6i1.12883
Wulandari, E. D. (2018). Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Religious Culture Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendiidkan Agama Islam Di Sd Muhammadiyah Kleco Yogyakarta. In Thesis.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/hijri.v14i2.26918
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hijri

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Organizational Collaboration:
Hijri: Jurnal Manajemen Kependidikan dan Keislamanhas been indexed by:
Jurnal Hijri by Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam FITK Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.







2.png)


