Changes in Awareness, Capacity, and Empowerment among Family Planning Cadres Following Community Empowerment Training in Padang City: A Three-Month Repeated-Measures Study
Abstract
Unmet need for contraception, defined as women who wish to postpone or avoid pregnancy but are not using any contraceptive method, remains a major public health challenge. In Indonesia, the prevalence of unmet need has remained at approximately 10–12% over the past two decades, while Padang City recorded 28.9% in the 2020 National Socioeconomic Survey, highlighting the need for effective community-based interventions. This study examined changes in family planning cadres’ awareness, capacity, and empowerment following Community Empowerment Module–based training in Padang City. A one-group repeated-measures quasi-experimental study included 120 family planning cadres in Padang City, West Sumatra. All participants completed assessments at baseline (T0), immediately after the 21-day training program (T1), and at the three-month follow-up (T2). Awareness, capacity, and empowerment were assessed using structured questionnaires and knowledge assessments. Changes over time were analyzed using a repeated-measures General Linear Model with a significance level of p < 0.05. All three outcomes increased progressively across the three measurement points. From baseline to three months, awareness increased by 3.875 points (95% CI: 3.648–4.102), capacity by 8.875 points (95% CI: 8.587–9.163), and empowerment by 18.692 points (95% CI: 18.243–19.140), with all adjusted p-values < 0.001. The overall effects across the three measurement points were large for awareness (partial η² = 0.936), capacity (partial η² = 0.979), and empowerment (partial η² = 0.993). Community Empowerment Module–based training was associated with improvements in family planning cadres’ awareness, capacity, and empowerment, with improvements persisting at the three-month assessment. These findings suggest enhanced cadre competencies that may support community-based efforts to address unmet need for contraception; however, whether the intervention reduces the prevalence of unmet need for contraception remains to be demonstrated.
Keywords: Contraception, Unmet Need, Community Empowerment, Community Health Workers, Indonesia
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v8i3.29686
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