The Effect of Clean Water Facilities and Household Food Sanitation Hygiene on Stunting in Toddlers
Abstract
Stunting is a linear growth disorder of a child's body that becomes short or short based on height for age with a Z-score threshold of < -2 standard deviations. Multi-dimensional factors, including environmental factors, cause stunting. Environmental factors that cause stunting are the mother's personal hygiene, sanitation, clean water and drinking water sources. This study aimed to determine the effect of clean water sanitation facilities and household food sanitation hygiene on stunting in toddlers. Observational study with a case-control design in children aged 0-59 months in Silahisabung District, Dairi Regency. The population used in this research is 453 toddlers aged 0-59 months. Case sampling technique using total sampling. All stunting toddlers were taken as cases of 78 toddlers and 78 as controls. Using weight scales and body length measuring instruments, research data was collected using questionnaires and tools to determine the nutritional status of babies under two years old. Data processing and analysis included univariate and bivariate using the chi-square test. The results showed that there were stunted toddlers, namely 61.5% did not have access to water facilities that met the requirements, and 44.9% of toddlers who suffered from stunting were in the age range of 21-40 months. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test showed an effect of clean water sanitation (p=0.002, OR=2.764) and household food sanitation hygiene (p=0.004, OR=2.562) on the incidence of stunting in toddlers. Management of stunting events requires good coordination and collaboration between health workers, the government and the community in reducing risk factors. Personal hygiene will be further improved in preparing and processing food by practising the principles of food sanitation hygiene.
Keywords: Food Hygiene, Sanitation, Stunting, ToddlersFull Text:
PDFReferences
Apriluana, G., & Fikawati, S. (2018). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Risiko terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Balita (0-59 Bulan) di Negara Berkembang dan Asia Tenggara. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 28(4), 247–256. https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v28i4.472
Irianti, S., Prasetyoputra, P., Dharmayanti, I., Azhar, K., & Hidayangsih, P. S. (2019). The role of drinking water source, sanitation, and solid waste management in reducing childhood stunting in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 344(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/344/1/012009
Kemenkes RI. (2018a). Buletin Jendela Data dan Informasi Kesehatan: Situasi Balita Pendek (Stunting) di Indonesia. Jakarta : Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kemenkes RI. (2018b). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta : Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Khofiyah, N. (2019). Hubungan antara status gizi dan pola asuh gizi dengan perkembangan anak usia 6-24 bulan. Jurnal Riset Kebidanan Indonesia, 3(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.32536/jrki.v3i1.53
Mariana, R., Nuryani, D. D., & Angelina, C. (2021). Hubungan sanitasi dasar dengan kejadian stunting di wilayah kerja puskesmas Yosomulyo kecamatan Metro pusat kota Metro tahun 2021. JOURNAL OF Community Health Issues, 1(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.56922/chi.v1i2.99
Mashar, S. A., Suhartono, S., & Budiono, B. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak: Studi Literatur. Jurnal Serambi Engineering, 6(3), 2076–2084. https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v6i3.3119
Mia, H., Sukmawati, S., & Abidin, U. wusqa A. (2021). Hubungan Hygiene Dan Sanitasi Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Desa Kurma. Journal Peqguruang: Conference Series, 3(2), 494–502. https://doi.org/10.35329/jp.v3i2.2553
Mukaramah, N., & Wahyuni, M. (2020). Hubungan Kondisi Lingkungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Rt 08 , 13 dan 14 Kelurahan Mesjid Kecamatan Samarinda Seberang 2019. Borneo Student Research, 1(2), 750–754. https://journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/view/379
Nisa, S. K., Lustiyati, E. D., & Fitriani, A. (2021). Sanitasi Penyediaan Air Bersih dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 2(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.15294/jppkmi.v2i1.47243
Novikasari, L., Setiawati, & Subroto, T. (2021). Hubungan Riwayat Penyakit Infeksi Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan. Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati, 7(2), 200–206. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i2.4140
Otsuka, Y., Agestika, L., Widyarani, Sintawardani, N., & Yamauchi, T. (2019). Risk factors for undernutrition and diarrhea prevalence in an urban slum in Indonesia: Focus on water, sanitation, and hygiene. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 100(3), 727–732. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0063
Pangaribuan, S. R. U., Napitupulu, D. M., & Kalsum, U. (2022). Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan, Faktor Ibu dan Faktor Anak Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 24 – 59 Bulan di Puskesmas Tempino Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Jurnal Pembangunan Berkelanjutan, 5(2), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.22437/jpb.v5i2.21199
R, M., & Darmawi, D. (2022). Hubungan Pola Pemberian Makan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 12-59 Bulan Di Desa Arongan. Jurnal Biology Education, 10(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.32672/jbe.v10i1.4120
Rahayu, L. S., Safitri, D. E., & Yuliana, I. (2018). Child care practice as a risk factor of changes in nutritional status from normal to stunting in under five children. Jurnal Gizi Dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics), 5(2), 77–81. https://doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2017.5(3).76-81
Siagian, J. L. S., Wonatoray, D. F., & Thamrin, H. (2021). Hubungan pola pemberian makan dan sanitasi lingkungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Kelurahan Remu Selatan Kota Sorong. Jurnal Riset Kebidanan Indonesia, 5(2), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.32536/jrki.v5i2.183
SSGI. (2021). Buku saku hasil studi status gizi indonesia (SSGI) tingkat nasional, provinsi, dan kabupaten/kota tahun 2021. Jakarta : Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Sukmawati, Abidin, U. W., & Hasmia. (2021). Hubungan Hygiene dan Sanitasi Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita di Desa Kurma. Journal Peqguruang: Conference Series, 3(2), 495–502. https://doi.org/10.35329/jp.v3i2.2553
Syam, D. M., & Sunuh, H. S. (2020). Hubungan Kebiasaan Cuci Tangan, Mengelola Air Minum dan Makanan dengan Stunting di Sulawesi Tengah. Gorontalo Journal of Public Health, 3(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.32662/gjph.v3i1.919
UNICEF. (2019). The State of the World’s Children 2019. Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world.
UNICEF. (2020). Situasi Anak di Indonesia. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/sites/unicef.org.indonesia/files/2020-07/Situasi-Anak-di-Indonesia-2020.pdf
WHO. (2020). Levels and trends in child malnutrition: Key findings of the 2020 Edition of the Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. Ganeva : World Health Organization.
WHO. (2022). Stunting prevalence among children under 5 years of age (JME). https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-jme-stunting-prevalence
Yudianti, Y., & Saeni, R. H. (2017). Pola Asuh Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang, 2(1), 21–25. https://doi.org/10.33490/jkm.v2i1.9
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i3.17239
Refbacks
Copyright (c) 2023 Samuel Marganda Halomoan Manalu, Deli Syaputri, Th. Teddy Bambang S, Nelson Tanjung, Risnawati Tanjung, Adisyah Putra Damanik
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
