Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Limbah Kelapa terhadap Karakteristik Biobriket Berperekat Minyak Jelantah

Abstract

Waste generated from coconut processing, such as coconut shells and coconut pulp, as well as used cooking oil from household and food processing activities, represents a type of waste whose availability and utilization have not yet been optimized. Improper waste management may lead to environmental problems, despite the potential of these materials to be converted into useful value-added products. One alternative for waste utilization is the production of biobriquettes as an alternative solid fuel derived from waste materials. This study aims to utilize coconut shell charcoal and coconut pulp as raw materials for biobriquette production using used cooking oil as a binder, and to analyze the effect of variations in raw material composition on the quality characteristics of the resulting biobriquettes. The coconut shell charcoal and coconut pulp were mixed at ratios of 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20. Used cooking oil was added at 50% of the total raw material weight as a binder. The resulting biobriquettes were oven-dried at 60°C for 3 hours. The quality characteristics were evaluated based on moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, and fixed carbon content. The results showed that the 95:5 ratio produced the best characteristics among the tested variations, with a moisture content of 4%, ash content of 6%, volatile matter content of 6.5%, and fixed carbon content of 83.50%. These findings indicate that the quality characteristics of biobriquettes are influenced by raw material composition, with the coconut shell charcoal-to-coconut pulp ratio of 95:5 providing the best results based on the tested parameters. This study demonstrates the potential of coconut waste utilization as an alternative solid fuel. The experimental results were also compared with the relevant quality requirements specified in Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-6235-2000.