The Relationship Between Food Consumption Diversity and Maternal Parenting Patterns with Stunting in Toddlers

Noni Humaira, Vaulinne Basyir, Arni Amir, Delmi Sulastri, Mayetti -, Yusrawati -

Abstract


Stunting is malnutrition in toddlers, especially in the first 1000 days of life, which causes stunted physical growth and susceptibility to disease. Stunting is one of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets in the 2nd sustainable development goal with the target set is to reduce the stunting rate by 40% in the year 2025. According to Minister of National Development Planning (2020), Padang is one of cities for integrated stunting reduction interventions in 2021. The highest prevalence of stunting in Padang Selatan District occurred in Seberang Padang Health Center working area, which is 16.4%. In 2021, the prevalence of stunting in the Puskesmas Seberang Padang working area increased to 17.8% of the total 590 toddlers whose height was measured. This study aims to determine the relationship between food consumption diversity and maternal parenting with the incidence of toddlers' stunting in the working area of Puskesmas Seberang Padang. This research was conducted by observational study using cross-sectional design. The study population was all toddlers in Seberang Padang Health Center’s work area with sample of 179 respondents using proportional sampling as sampling technique and collected by questionnaire. The result showed that food consumption diversity (p=0.000), food parenting (p=0.000), hygiene parenting (p=0.026), health parenting (p=0.018) and psychosocial stimulation parenting (p=0.031) have significant relationship with the incidence of stunting. The most dominant factor is food consumption diversity (OR=24,263). The conclusion of this study is that there is significant relationship between the diversity of food consumption, food parenting, hygiene parenting, health parenting and psychosocial stimulation parenting with the incidence of stunting and the most dominant factor is the diversity of food consumption.

Keywords: Food consumption diversity, Maternal parenting pattern, Stunting


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References


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Mzumara, B., Bwembya, P., Halwiindi, H., Mugode, R., & Banda, J. (2018). Factors associated with stunting among children below five years of age in Zambia : evidence from the 2014 Zambia demographic and health survey. 1–8.

Nadiah, S., Wahyu Ningtyias, F., & Sulistiyani, S. (2020). Tinggi badan orang tua , pola asuh , dan kejadian diare sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Bondowoso toddler in Bondowoso District. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia, 04(01), 11–18.

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Theresia, D. (2020). Hubungan Jumlah Kunjungan Ibu Ke Posyandu Dengan Status Gizi Balita di Wlayah Kerja Puskesmas Amplas. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 3(2), 31–41.

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UNICEF. (2013). Improving child nutrition: The achievable imperative for global progress. Division of Communication, UNICEF. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/978-92-806-4686-3

UNICEF. (2021). Levels and trends in child malnutrition in Bangladesh. In Asia-Pacific Population Journal (Vol. 24, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.18356/6ef1e09a-en

UNICEF, WHO, & World Bank. (2020). Levels and Trends In Child Malnutrition: Key Findings of The 2020 Edition of The Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. Geneva: WHO, 24(2), 1–16.

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Adha, A. S., Bahtiar, N. W., Ibrahim, I. A., Syarfaini, S., & Nildawati, N. (2021). Analisis Hubungan Pola Asuh Ibu Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Kabupaten Jeneponto. Al Gizzai: Public Health Nutrition Journal, 1(2), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.24252/algizzai.v1i2.21825

Afiah, N., Asrianti, T., Muliyana, D., & Risva. (2020). Rendahnya Konsumsi Protein Hewani Sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Kota Samarinda. Nutrire Dianita, 12(1), 23–28. https://nutrecent.fkm.unmul.ac.id/module-detail/

Ahmad, A. S., Azis, A., & Fadli. (2021). Analysis of Risk Factors for the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers. Journal of Health Science and Prevention, 5(1), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v5i1.415

Alifariki, L. O. (2020). Gizi Anak dan Stunting. Yogyakarta: Leutika Prio.

Astuti, D. K., & Sumarmi, S. (2020). Keragaman Konsumsi Pangan Pada Balita Stunting Di Wilayah Pedesaan Dan Perkotaan Kabupaten Probolinggo. Media Gizi Indonesia, 15(1), 14–21.

Atikah, R. et al. (2018). Study Guide - Stunting Dan Upaya Pencegahannya. Yogyakarta: CV Mine.

Audiena, N. P., & Siagian, M. L. (2021). Hubungan Penyakit Infeksi dan Praktik Higiene terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan Association between Infectious Disease and Hygiene Practice on Stunting Toddler Aged 24-59 Months. Media Gizi Indonesia, 16(2), 25. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v5i2.2021.

Bella, F. D., & Fajar, N. A. (2019). Hubungan Pola Asuh dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita dari Keluarga Miskin di Kota Palembang. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia, 8(1), 31–39.

Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang. (2020). Profil Kesehatan Kota Padang Tahun 2020.

Fadilah, S. N. N., Ningtyias, F. W., & Sulistiyani, S. (2020). Tinggi badan orang tua, pola asuh dan kejadian diare sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita di kabupaten Bondowoso. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia, 4(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.35842/ilgi.v4i1.148

Femidio, M., & Muniroh, L. (2020). Perbedaan Pola Asuh dan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi pada Balita Stunting dan Non-Stunting di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Probolinggo. Amerta Nutrition, 4(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v4i1.2020.49-57

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2013). Guidelines for Measuring Household and Individual Dietary Diversity. In Fao. https://doi.org/613.2KEN

Gurang, Y. M. G., Briawan, D., & Widodo, Y. (2023). Hubungan antara Pola Asuh Makan dan Kualitas Konsumsi Pangan dengan Stunting anak Usia 18–24 Bulan di Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. 18(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v18i1.19–27

Handriyanti, R. F., & Fitriani, A. (2021). Analisis Keragaman Pangan yang Dikonsumsi Balita terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Stunting di Indonesia. Muhammadiyah Journal of Nutrition and Food Science (MJNF), 2(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.24853/mjnf.2.1.32-42

Idris, N. H. (2022). Gambaran pola pemberian makan dan tingkat pendidikan orang tua pada balita stunting usia 24-59 bulan di wilayah kerja puskesmas kahu kabupaten bone. Universitas Hasanuddin.

Istiaque, K., Munirul Islam, M., Mahfuz, M., Shamsir Ahmed, A. M., Mondal, D., Haque, R., & Ahmed, T. (2018). Micronutrient adequacy is poor, but not associated with stunting between 12-24 months of age: A cohort study findings from a slum area of Bangladesh. PLoS ONE, 13(3), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195072

Kamila, L. N., Hidayanti, L., & Atmadja, T. F. A. (2022). Kragaman Pangan Dengan Kejadian Kurang Gizi Pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan( Dietary diversity and undernutrition in children aged 6-23 months ). I(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.37058/nsj.v1i1.5704

Kemenkes RI. (2018). Cegah Stunting, itu Penting. Pusat Data Dan Informasi, Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 1–27. https://www.kemkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/buletin/Buletin-Stunting-2018.pdf

Laili, A. N. (2018). Analisis Determinan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita (Studi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumberjambe, Puskesmas Kasiyan, dan Puskesmas Sumberbaru Kabupaten Jember. Repository.Unej.Ac.Id, 1–124. https://repository.unej.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/85863/Ayik Nikmatul Laili-152520102027 %23.pdf?sequence=1

Masrul, M. (2019). Gambaran Pola Asuh Psikososial Anak Stunting dan Anak Normal di Wilayah Lokus Stunting Kabupaten Pasaman dan Pasaman Barat Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 8(1), 112. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8.i1.p112-116.2019

Mugode, R. H., Puoane, T., Michelo, C., & Steyn, N. P. (2018). “Feeding a child slowly:” a responsive feeding behavior component likely to reduce stunting: Population-based observations from rural Zambia. Journal of Hunger and Environmental Nutrition, 13(4), 455–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2017.1403409

Mzumara, B., Bwembya, P., Halwiindi, H., Mugode, R., & Banda, J. (2018). Factors associated with stunting among children below five years of age in Zambia : evidence from the 2014 Zambia demographic and health survey. 1–8.

Nadiah, S., Wahyu Ningtyias, F., & Sulistiyani, S. (2020). Tinggi badan orang tua , pola asuh , dan kejadian diare sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Bondowoso toddler in Bondowoso District. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia, 04(01), 11–18.

Noflidaputri, R., & Febriyeni, F. (2020). Determinan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Silayang Kabupaten Pasaman. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 12(2), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.37012/jik.v12i2.233

Noftalina, E., Mayetti, M., & Afriwardi, A. (2019). Hubungan Kadar Zinc dan Pola Asuh Ibu dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 2 – 5 Tahun di Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Pasaman. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 19(3), 565. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v19i3.723

Novitasari, P. D., & Wanda, D. (2020). Maternal feeding practice and its relationship with stunting in children. Pediatric Reports, 12. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2020.8698

Nurwiandani, W., & Ekawati, D. (2022). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu dengan Perkembangan Anak di Posyandu Mawar Monggang Bantul Yogyakarta Tahun 2022. 10, 93–102.

Puskesmas Seberang Padang. (2022). Prevalensi Balita Wasting dan Stunting pada Tahun 2021 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Seberang Padang.

Rambe, K. S. (2022). Pola Asuh Orangtua Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Kelompok Bkb Hi. Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist), 17(3), 575–580. https://doi.org/10.36911/pannmed.v17i3.1509

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Rita, W., Anita, B., Hidayah, N., Podesta, F., Ardiansyah, S., Subeqi, A. T., Nasution, S. L., & Riastuti, F. (2019). Hubungan pola asuh dengan kejadian stunting (rekomendasi pengendaliannya di Kabupaten Lebong). Riset Informasi Kesehatan, 8(2), 140. https://doi.org/10.30644/rik.v8i2.237

Sié, A., Tapsoba, C., Dah, C., Ouermi, L., Zabre, P., Bärnighausen, T., Arzika, A. M., Lebas, E., Snyder, B. M., Moe, C., Keenan, J. D., & Oldenburg, C. E. (2018). Dietary diversity and nutritional status among children in rural Burkina Faso. International Health, 10(3), 157–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy016

Silalahi, E. N., Jus, I., & Angkasa, D. (2020). Faktor Gizi dan Hygiene Berkaitan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan di Wilayah Puskesmas Pandan Kalimantan Barat. 5(1), 19–24.

Sukmawati, & Rowa, S. S. (2020). Pengaruh Stimulasi Psikososial Anak Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Dan Motorik Halus Serta Peningkatan Berat Badan Anak Balita Stunting Usia 2-3 Tahun. Media Gizi Pangan, 27, 2020.

Suryawan, A. E., Ningtyias, F. W., & Hidayati, M. N. (2022). Hubungan pola asuh pemberian makan dan skor keragaman pangan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24–59 bulan. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia, 6(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.35842/ilgi.v6i1.310

Theresia, D. (2020). Hubungan Jumlah Kunjungan Ibu Ke Posyandu Dengan Status Gizi Balita di Wlayah Kerja Puskesmas Amplas. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 3(2), 31–41.

Trisasmita, L., Sudiarti, T., Sartika, R. A. D., & Setiarini, A. (2020). Identification of dietary diversity associated with stunting in Indonesia. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 26(1), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.31246/MJN-2019-0128

UNICEF. (2013). Improving child nutrition: The achievable imperative for global progress. Division of Communication, UNICEF. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/978-92-806-4686-3

UNICEF. (2021). Levels and trends in child malnutrition in Bangladesh. In Asia-Pacific Population Journal (Vol. 24, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.18356/6ef1e09a-en

UNICEF, WHO, & World Bank. (2020). Levels and Trends In Child Malnutrition: Key Findings of The 2020 Edition of The Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. Geneva: WHO, 24(2), 1–16.

Weatherspoon, D. D., Miller, S., Ngabitsinze, J. C., Weatherspoon, L. J., & Oehmke, J. F. (2019). Stunting, Food Security, Markets and Food Policy In Rwanda. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7208-0




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i2.14992

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